Add consistent API error handling and documentation

Introduced standardized error response formats for API errors, including middleware for consistent request IDs and exception handlers. Updated the frontend to parse and process these error responses, and documented the error format in the README for reference.

frontend/src/api.js

@@ -35,8 +35,21 @@ export async function apiFetch(path, options = {}, tokens, onUnauthorized) {
     }
   }
   if (!res.ok) {
-    const txt = await res.text();
-    throw new Error(txt || `HTTP ${res.status}`);
+    const raw = await res.text();
+    let parsed = null;
+    try {
+      parsed = raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : null;
+    } catch {
+      parsed = null;
+    }
+
+    const message = parsed?.message || raw || `HTTP ${res.status}`;
+    const err = new Error(message);
+    err.status = res.status;
+    err.code = parsed?.code || null;
+    err.details = parsed?.details || null;
+    err.requestId = parsed?.request_id || res.headers.get("x-request-id") || null;
+    throw err;
   }
   if (res.status === 204) return null;
   return res.json();